Resistance Test Of Several Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties Against Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae)

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a great staple crop in Asia, particularly in Indonesia, where it serves as a primary source of carbohydrates. One of the major challenges to rice cultivation is bacterial leaf blight, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). To address this issue, effective and environmentally sustainable control strategies, such as the development and use of resistant varieties are essential. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of several rice varieties to bacterial leaf blight. Research was conducted at the Phytopathology Laboratory and Greenhouse, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Plant Protection Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used, including five rice varieties (Mayang, Pandak, Karang Dukuh, Siam Madu Murakarta, and Siam Marli) and control. Each treatment was replicated four times, and each control was replicated twice, resulting in a total of 30 experimental buckets. The variables assessed included disease incubation period and disease intensity. Karang Dukuh variety exhibited the longest incubation period (9.48 days), while Siam Marli had the shortest (7.10 days). After three weeks of observation, the final disease intensity values are as follows: Mayang 1.51%, Pandak 1.55%, Karang Dukuh 1.05%, Siam Madu Murakarta 1.09%, and Siam Marli 1.77%. This result indicate that all tested varieties fall within the resistant category.