Optimizing in vitro multiplication of the Wonosobo local clone of ramie using apical shoots and thidiazuron

Abstract

The availability of planting material becomes the most common problem in crop cultivation. Particularly, the crops such as ramie that planting material mainly come from vegetative part. Therefore, the advanced technique needed such as in vitro culture. The multiplication stage success in in vitro culture is influenced by factors such as planting material and plant growth regulators (PGRs). Apical shoots are commonly used as explants in in vitro culture, and thidiazuron, a cytokinin, is frequently used. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentrations of thidiazuron on in vitro ramie shoot multiplication. This study was conducted at the Seed Technology Tissue Culture Laboratory Universitas Padjadjaran. Apical shoots from the Wonosobo clone of ramie were used as explants and cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium.  The culture was then stored in a culture room with 16 hours per day lighting. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and four replications was applied. The treatments consisted of thidiazuron concentrations: 0, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125, and 0.175 ppm. The results showed that the addition of thidiazuron significantly affected bud break and the number of shoots. Thidiazuron accelerated shoot emergence by an average of 6 days and increased the number of shoots by 12.02% in the 0.075 ppm treatment. Thidiazuron significantly influenced the multiplication of ramie shoots. The optimal concentration for shoot multiplication was 0.075 ppm, which enhanced the number of shoots and accelerated shoot emergence.