Keragaman Tubuh Buah Ganoderma spp. pada Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara

Abstract

Palm oil is one of the plantation commodities that has a fairly important role in Indonesia's economic activities. Stem Base Rot (BPB) attack caused by Ganoderma fungus is a deadly disease in oil palm plants. Fruit body Ganoderma sp. It has a basidiocarp shaped like a fan, wavy, has annual circles, the surface has a purplish-brown color on the white edges. The lower part of the fruit body  of Ganoderma sp. is yellowish-white and has pores. Technical cultural control through land preparation during replanting, biological and chemical control that extends plant life. Therefore, the best alternative control is to prepare tolerant plant materials, supported by technical and biological cultural control. The purpose of this study is to observe the distribution and genetic diversity of Ganoderma fruit bodies  in oil palm plants in North Bengkulu. The location survey was carried out using  the purposive sampling  method on several oil palm plantations in North Bengku Regency. The results of the study showed that in 5 selected sub-districts there were Ganoderma  fruit bodies with almost the same environmental conditions. Ganoderma will develop well if environmental conditions (humidity, soil pH, weed temperature and agricultural practices) support the survival of Ganoderma. The distribution of Ganoderma fruit bodies  that have been found in 5 North Bengkulu sub-districts generally grows on weathered tree trunks, tree roots, and at the base of oil palm trunks. The variation in the shape  of the Ganoderma fruit body  in each village is shaped like a fan and the color  of the Ganoderma  fruit body ranges from reddish brown, black to white.